Still from newsreel footage of SS Flying Enterprise when she was sinking, 10 January 1952 |
|
| Career | |
|---|---|
| Name: | 1944: SS Cape Kumukaki 1947: SS Flying Enterprise |
| Owner: | 1944: War Shipping Administration 1947: Isbrandtsen Company |
| Port of registry: | 1944: Los Angeles 1947: New York |
| Builder: | Consolidated Steel Corporation, Wilmington, California |
| Yard number: | 360 |
| Launched: | 7 January 1944 |
| Completed: | March 1944 |
| In service: | 18 March 1944 |
| Identification: |
|
| Fate: | Sunk 10 January 1952 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | Type C1-B ship |
| Tonnage: | 6,711 GRT |
| Length: | 396 ft 5 in (120.83 m), pp |
| Beam: | 60 ft 1 in (18.31 m) |
| Height: | 25 ft 8 in (7.82 m) |
| Propulsion: | 2 x Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co steam turbines, double reduction geared driving one screw. 4,000 hp (3,000 kW) |
| Speed: | 14 knots (26 km/h) |
| Crew: | 48, plus 10 passengers |
SS Flying Enterprise was a 6,711 ton Type C1-B ship which sank in 1952. She was built in 1944 as SS Cape Kumukaki for the United States Maritime Commission for use in World War II. The ship was sold in 1947 and then operated as a tramp steamer under the name Flying Enterprise.
Contents |
Cape Kumukaki was built by Consolidated Steel Corporation of Wilmington, California and launched on 7 January 1944.[1] Delivered on 18 March 1944,[2] she was owned by the United States War Shipping Administration and registered at Los Angeles.[3]
After the end of World War II, she was sold in 1947 to the Isbrandtsen Company. At this time, her name was changed to the Flying Enterprise and re-registered in New York.[4] For the next five years, she was used as a general cargo freighter in the North Atlantic.
On 21 December 1951, under the command of Henrik Kurt Carlsen, she left Hamburg, Germany bound for the USA. Among her cargo was 1,270 long tons (1,290 t) of pig iron and 486 long tons (494 t) of coffee, 447 long tons (454 t) rags, 39 long tons (40 t) peat moss, twelve Volkswagen cars, antiques and antique musical instruments, typewriters, 447 long tons (454 t) of naphthalene[2] as well as ten passengers.[5] There is speculation that the cargo also included gold and zirconium[6]
Four days later, on Christmas night, she encountered a storm in the Western Approaches to the English Channel.[5] Afterwards, it was discovered that she had suffered structural damage and a crack was found across the weather deck. The cargo then shifted. An SOS was issued on 28 December, by which time she was listing 45 degrees to port. The SS Southland[5] and USS General A. W. Greely responded. On 29 December 1951, the crew and passengers were evacuated[7] with the loss of one life (a male passenger).[5] Captain Carlsen remained on board.
By 2 January 1952, the USS John W. Weeks had arrived and relieved the merchant ships.[5] The following day, the tug Turmoil arrived, guided by the searchlights from USS John W Weeks,[8] but found it impossible to take the Flying Enterprise in tow. The tug's mate, Kenneth Dancy, was then transferred to the Flying Enterprise on 4 January, by which time the list had increased to 60 degrees. The ship was taken in tow on 5 January, when she was some 300 nautical miles (560 km) from Falmouth, Cornwall.[5] On 6 January, USS Willard Keith relieved the John W Weeks and the French tug Abeille 25 also joined the rescue effort.[8] The tow line parted at 01:30 on 10 January, with Flying Enterprise 31 nautical miles (57 km) south of The Lizard and 41 nautical miles (76 km) from Falmouth. Later that day, the Turmoil was joined by the Trinity House vessel Satellite and the tugs Dexterous and Englishman.[5] Carlsen and Dancy finally abandoned ship at 15:22 hrs and were picked up by Turmoil. The Flying Enterprise sank at 16:10 hrs to whistle, siren and foghorn salutes from the flotilla.[8]
The salvage attempts were criticised as the ship might have been saved by heading for the nearest safe harbour, Cork, rather than Falmouth.
A public house in Cork, Ireland is named the "Flying Enterprise" after the ship.[9]
In 1960, some $210,000 of the $800,000-worth of cargo was salvaged from Flying Enterprise by the Italian company Sorima. Under a confidentiality clause in the salvage contract, further details of the recovered cargo were not released.[10]
"Flying Enterprise & Kurt Carlsen" was published in Danish. 29 November in an English version. Before Carlsen past away he told journalist and book writer Bjarne Bekker his life story in Woodbridge, New Jersey. The burial at sea over Flying Enterprise happened 8 February 1990 after a journey to Japan in a safety box on SS "Jutlandia". www.flying-enterprise.com - ISBN978-87.88876-75-8.
On June 22, 2001 the Danish expedition company "No limit diving" with the Danish filmmaker Lasse Spang Olsen's documentary "The Mystery of Flying Enterprise" a team of Danish and British divers re-discovered the famous lost shipwreck Flying Enterprise almost 50 years after she had sunk. Well known deep wreck diver Leigh Bishop had researched the whereabouts of the sinking and obtained information from British government departments on the wreck's approximate location. Photographs taken by Leigh Bishop were enough to positively identify the wreck as that of the Flying Enterprise.
Later Leigh Bishop worked with US divers John Chatterton and Richie Kohler to film the wreck for a 2005 episode of the History Channel's Deep Sea Detectives. This became the deepest wreck dived of the 56 episodes made.[11]
The wreck now lies resting on her port side in a depth of 84m/280 ft on the seabed of the western approaches to the English Channel. Leigh Bishop recovered artifacts from the site, which went on display for many successful years to the general public in the Cornish Maritime Museum.
Speculations about a shipment of zirconium, intended for use in the first nuclear submarine USS Nautilus (SSN-571), but registered as pig iron, were discussed in a 2002 Danish television documentary Det Skæve skib (English title: The Mystery of Flying Enterprise).[12]
The passengers on board Flying Enterprise were Nicolai Bunjakowski, who drowned during the rescue,[13] Nina Dannheiser, Maria Duttenhofer, Rolf Kastenholz, Leonore von Klenau, Curt and Elsa Müller and their children Liane and Lothar and Frederick Niederbrüning.[2]
Captain Carlsen was awarded a Lloyd's Silver Medal for Meritorious Service in recognition of his efforts to save Flying Enterprise,[5] and received a ticker-tape parade in New York City on January 17, 1952.
Kenneth Dancy was awarded a medal for Industrial Heroism by the Daily Herald and an illuminated citation from the American Institute of Marine Underwriters.[8]
|
|||||